Eye drops for pink eye: Types and how to use

Commonly called pink eye, conjunctivitis is inflammation of the clear membrane lining the eyeball and eyelid. Bacteria, viruses and exposure to irritants can all cause this inflammation. Because of the different causes, there isn't just one type of treatment that works for all cases of pink eye. 

Medicine for eye conjunctivitis often comes in eye drop form, allowing it to be administered directly into the eyes. There are a few types of pink eye medicine available, and the most appropriate treatment will depend on the cause of your symptoms.

1. Antibiotic ophthalmic drops: Healthcare providers typically prescribe antibiotic eye drops for bacterial conjunctivitis. These drops contain medications that kill bacteria or prevent them from multiplying. In some cases, antibiotic eye drops can help bacterial pink eye clear up faster, lower the likelihood of complications and reduce the risk of spreading the infection to others. However, not all bacterial conjunctivitis needs antibiotic treatment. In mild cases, it may resolve on its own without antibiotics and without causing complications.

2. Antihistamine eye drops: For pink eye caused by allergies, antihistamine eye drops are typically recommended. Allergies occur when the immune system reacts to typically harmless substances (allergens), such as pollen or pet dander. This reaction triggers the release of histamine, a chemical involved in allergic responses, which leads to symptoms like redness, itching and tearing of the eyes.

Antihistamine eye drops work by blocking the effects of histamine, helping to relieve symptoms of  allergic conjunctivitis. They are available in both over-the-counter and prescription strengths.

3. Anti-redness eye drops: Also called vasoconstrictors, anti-redness eye drops are sometimes used to temporarily relieve redness of the eyes but are not a primary treatment for conjunctivitis. A healthcare provider may sometimes recommend them for easing the redness from pink eye caused by an allergy.

Vasoconstrictor eye drops work by shrinking the blood vessels in the eyes. Because they may worsen redness with long-term use, the drops are usually intended only for occasional use.

4. Artificial tears: A blend of electrolytes and lubricants, artificial tears moisturize and lubricate the eyes, easing itching. While they don’t treat the underlying cause of pink eye, the drops may help soothe discomfort due to mild allergies or exposure to irritants.

Following these tips while using eye drops can help ensure the best results from treatment and reduce the risk of contamination:

1. Read the directions: Before using any prescription or over-the-counter eye drops, read the directions for use carefully and follow them closely unless your healthcare provider gives you other instructions.

2. Practice good hygiene: Wash your hands with soap and warm water before and after administering eye drops. Don’t allow the tip of the eye dropper to touch your eye. Replace the cap on the eye drops after use.

3. Consult your healthcare provider: Before using any treatment for pink eye, talk to your healthcare provider. They can determine what’s causing your symptoms and recommend the right eye drops for your needs.

Using the correct technique helps ensure the medication reaches the eye effectively. Follow these steps to administer eye drops:

1. Tilt your head back or lie down on your back.
2. Look up.
3. Gently take hold of your lower eyelid and pull it out and downward.
4. Position the eye drop bottle just above the space below your eye created by holding your eyelid.
5. Squeeze the bottle to release the correct number of prescribed drops into your eye.
6. Release your eyelid.
7. Close your eye and gently press on the inner corner for 30 seconds to 1 minute.

If you find administering eye drops difficult, your healthcare provider can recommend tools to simplify the process.

Clinically reviewed and updated June 2026