RSV vaccine: How older adults can stay protected

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a highly contagious respiratory illness, and older adults are at increased risk for severe complications. But here’s the good news: RSV vaccines are available, offering seniors an added layer of protection this RSV season. And now it’s easy to schedule your RSV vaccine at Walgreens.

Respiratory syncytial (sin-SISH-uhl) virus, or RSV, is a common respiratory virus that typically causes mild, cold-like symptoms. Most people recover within two weeks. However, certain groups, such as infants, young children and older adults, are more likely to develop severe infections, including bronchiolitis (an inflammation of the small airways in the lung) and pneumonia.  

While many people associate RSV with babies and young children, older adults are also at risk for complications. The CDC estimates that 60,000–160,000 older adults in the United States are hospitalized with RSV each year, and 6,000–10,000 of them die due to the condition. For more on RSV, you can read our in-depth RSV article.

Symptoms of RSV may include:

• Runny nose
• Decrease in appetite
• Coughing
• Sneezing
• Fever
• Wheezing

RSV can also worsen serious health conditions, including:

• Asthma
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) — a chronic lung disease that makes it hard to breathe
• Heart failure — a condition where the heart can’t pump enough blood and oxygen through the body

Most adults who get RSV usually have mild or no symptoms and recover in five days or less. However, some people are more likely to develop severe symptoms and may need to be hospitalized.

• Adults at the highest risk of severe RSV include:
• Older adults, especially those 75 and older
• Adults with chronic lung or heart disease
• Adults with weakened immune systems 
• Adults with certain other chronic medical conditions, like severe diabetes and severe obesity
• Adults living in long-term care facilities or nursing homes

People who have trouble breathing, become dehydrated or have worsening symptoms may need to be hospitalized.

In most areas of the United States, RSV season starts in the fall and peaks in the winter, although the timing and severity can vary from year to year.

RSV spreads when the virus droplets from an infected person's cough or sneeze get into your eyes, nose or mouth. You can also come into contact with the virus by kissing or by touching a surface with the virus on it, then touching your face without washing your hands.

Most people with RSV are contagious for three to eight days and may become contagious one to two days before symptoms develop. However, some people with weakened immune systems can continue to spread the virus for up to four weeks, even after symptoms have resolved.

The CDC recommends all adults 75 years and older, and adults 60-74 years who are at increased risk of severe RSV disease receive the RSV vaccine. The vaccines are available in most states, and your pharmacist will help decide if the RSV vaccine is right for you. If you have any questions or would like more information, speak with your pharmacist. And if you’re ready, schedule your vaccine online today.

Vaccines subject to availability. State-, age- and health-related restrictions may apply.

This article is meant for informational purposes only. Always seek the advice of your physician or qualified healthcare professional.

Clinically reviewed and updated by Kanesha Kirkwood, PharmD, BCPS, BCMAS, August 2024.